Seminars in Ultrasound, CT and MRI
Volume 27, Issue 5 , Pages 358-369 , October 2006

Congenital Anomalies of the Spleen

  • G. Gayer, MD

      Affiliations

    • Department of Diagnostic Imaging, Assaf Harofeh Medical Center, Zrifin, Israel.
    • Corresponding Author InformationAddress reprint requests to: Gabriela Gayer, MD, Dept. of Diagnostic Imaging, Assaf Harofeh Medical Center, Zrifin 70300, Israel.
  • ,
  • M. Hertz, MD

      Affiliations

    • Department of Diagnostic Imaging, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel.
  • ,
  • S. Strauss, MD

      Affiliations

    • Department of Diagnostic Imaging, Assaf Harofeh Medical Center, Zrifin, Israel.
  • ,
  • R. Zissin, MD

      Affiliations

    • Department of Diagnostic Imaging, Sapir Medical Center, Kfar Saba, Israel.

References 

  1. Moore KL , Persaud TVN . The digestive system . In:  Moore KL ,  Persaud TVN editor. The Developing Human (ed 7) (Clinically Oriented Embryology) . Philadelphia, PA: Saunders; 2003;p. 256–285
  2. Mortele KJ , Mortele B , Silverman SG . CT features of the accessory spleen . AJR Am J Roentgenol . 2004;183:1653–1657
  3. Gayer G , Zissin R , Apter S , et al.   CT findings in congenital anomalies of the spleen . Br J Radiol . 2001;74:767–772
  4. Freeman JL , Jafri SZ , Roberts JL , et al.   CT of congenital and acquired abnormalities of the spleen . Radiographics . 1993;13:597–610
  5. Dodds WJ , Taylor AJ , Erickson SJ , et al.   Radiologic imaging of splenic anomalies . AJR Am J Roentgenol . 1990;155:805–810
  6. Gayer G , Apter S , Jonas T , et al.   Polysplenia syndrome detected in adulthood: report of eight cases and review of the literature . Abdom Imaging . 1999;24:178–184
  7. Facon T , Caulier MT , Fenaux P , et al.   Accessory spleen in recurrent chronic immune thrombocytopenic purpura . Am J Hematol . 1992;41:184–189
  8. Budzynski A , Bobrzynski A , Sacha T , et al.   Laparoscopic removal of retroperitoneal accessory spleen in patient with relapsing idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura 30 years after classical splenectomy . Surg Endosc . 2002;16:1636
  9. Napoli A , Catalano C , Silecchia G , et al.   Laparoscopic splenectomy: multi-detector row CT for preoperative evaluation . Radiology . 2004;232:361–367
  10. Klingler PJ , Tsiotos GG , Glaser KS , et al.   Laparoscopic splenectomy: evolution and current status . Surg Laparosc Endosc . 1999;9:1–8
  11. Chen MJ , Huang MJ , Chang WH , et al.   Ultrasonography of splenic abnormalities . World J Gastroenterol . 2005;11:4061–4066
  12. Elsayes KM , Narra VR , Mukundan G , et al.   MR imaging of the spleen: spectrum of abnormalities . Radiographics . 2005;25:967–982
  13. Ota T , Ono S . Intrapancreatic accessory spleen: diagnosis using contrast enhanced ultrasound . Br J Radiol . 2004;77:148–149
  14. Halpert B , Alden ZA . Accessory spleens in or at the tail of the pancreas (A survey of 2,700 additional necropsies) . Arch Pathol . 1964;77:652–654
  15. Shirkhoda A . Diagnostic pitfalls in abdominal CT . Radiographics . 1991;11:969–1002
  16. Ota T , Kusaka S , Mizuno M . A splenic pseudotumor: an accessory spleen . Ann Nucl Med . 2003;17:159–160
  17. Bartram U , Wirbelauer J , Speer CP . Heterotaxy syndrome—asplenia and polysplenia as indicators of visceral malposition and complex congenital heart disease . Biol Neonate . 2005;88:278–290
  18. Marx MV , Van Allan R . SIR 2005 film panel case: heterotaxia with polysplenia . J Vasc Interv Radiol . 2005;16:1055–1059
  19. Winer-Muram HT , Tonkin IL . The spectrum of heterotaxic syndromes . Radiol Clin North Am . 1989;27:1147–1170
  20. Peoples WM , Moller JH , Edwards JE . Polysplenia: a review of 146 cases . Pediatr Cardiol . 1983;4:129–137
  21. Fulcher AS , Turner MA . Abdominal manifestations of situs anomalies in adults . Radiographics . 2002;22:1439–1456
  22. Lee FT , Pozniak MA , Helgerson RB . US case of the day (Polysplenia syndrome) . Radiographics . 1993;13:1159–1162
  23. Lachmann R , Loff S , Duber C , et al.   Visceral heterotaxia with polysplenia syndrome and haemorrhagic splenic infarction as a rare cause of the acute paediatric abdomen . Pediatr Radiol . 2006;36:572–573
  24. Karmazyn B , Steinberg R , Gayer G , et al.   Wandering spleen—the challenge of ultrasound diagnosis: report of 7 cases . J Clin Ultrasound . 2005;33:433–438
  25. Soler R , Rodriguez E , Comesana ML , et al.   Agenesis of the dorsal pancreas with polysplenia syndrome: CT features . J Comput Assist Tomogr . 1992;16:921–923
  26. Hadar H , Gadoth N , Herskovitz P , et al.   Short pancreas in polysplenia syndrome . Acta Radiol . 1991;32:299–301
  27. Tsuda Y , Nishimura K , Kawakami S , et al.   Preduodenal portal vein and anomalous continuation of inferior vena cava: CT findings . J Comput Assist Tomogr . 1991;15:585–588
  28. Herman TE , Siegel MJ . Polysplenia syndrome with congenital short pancreas . AJR Am J Roentgenol . 1991;156:799–800
  29. Applegate KE , Goske MJ , Pierce G , et al.   Situs revisited: imaging of the heterotaxy syndrome . Radiographics . 1999;19:837–852 discussion 853-834
  30. Ito K , Matsunaga N , Mitchell DG , et al.   Imaging of congenital abnormalities of the portal venous system . AJR Am J Roentgenol . 1997;168:233–237
  31. Tonkin IL , Tonkin AK . Visceroatrial situs abnormalities: sonographic and computed tomographic appearance . AJR Am J Roentgenol . 1982;138:509–515
  32. Breckenridge JW , Kinlaw WB . Azygos continuation of inferior vena cava: CT appearance . J Comput Assist Tomogr . 1980;4:392–397
  33. Churchill RJ , Wesbey G , Marsan RE , et al.   Computed tomographic demonstration of anomalous inferior vena cava with azygos continuation . J Comput Assist Tomogr . 1980;4:398–402
  34. Freedom RM , Fellows KE . Radiographic visceral patterns in the asplenia syndrome . Radiology . 1973;107:387–391
  35. Paterson A , Frush DP , Donnelly LF , et al.   A pattern-oriented approach to splenic imaging in infants and children . Radiographics . 1999;19:1465–1485
  36. Heydenrych JJ , Du Toit DF . Torsion of the spleen and associated “prune belly syndrome” (A case report and review of the literature) . S Afr Med J . 1978;53:637–639
  37. Gilman RS , Thomas RL . Wandering spleen presenting as acute pancreatitis in pregnancy . Obstet Gynecol . 2003;101:1100–1102
  38. Raissaki M , Prassopoulos P , Daskalogiannaki M , et al.   Acute abdomen due to torsion of wandering spleen: CT diagnosis . Eur Radiol . 1998;8:1409–1412
  39. Desai DC , Hebra A , Davidoff AM , et al.   Wandering spleen: a challenging diagnosis . South Med J . 1997;90:439–443
  40. Steinberg R , Karmazyn B , Dlugy E , et al.   Clinical presentation of wandering spleen . J Pediatr Surg . 2002;37:E30
  41. Taori K , Ghonge N , Prakash A . Wandering spleen with torsion of vascular pedicle: early diagnosis with multiplaner reformation technique of multislice spiral CT . Abdom Imaging . 2004;29:479–481
  42. Brown CV , Virgilio GR , Vazquez WD . Wandering spleen and its complications in children: a case series and review of the literature . J Pediatr Surg . 2003;38:1676–1679
  43. Deux JF , Salomon L , Barrier A , et al.   Acute torsion of wandering spleen: MRI findings . AJR Am J Roentgenol . 2004;182:1607–1608

 All departments are affiliated with the Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Israel.

PII: S0887-2171(06)00054-0

doi: 10.1053/j.sult.2006.06.002

Seminars in Ultrasound, CT and MRI
Volume 27, Issue 5 , Pages 358-369 , October 2006